For Japanese–Light combining designs, we upcoming reestimated brand new coefficients and odds rates to the attempt leaving out conflict-bride intermarriages
The term of interest is ? rR , from which the odds ratios were calculated. The constraints used in the two models for this effect are described below as design matrices. In the matrix, intermarriages between non-White groups were constrained to be equal (?step 10). Models 1 and 2 differ by the specification of the interaction of husbands’ and wives’ race but include the same dimensions selected on the basis of findings in preliminary analyses. The simplified version of the structure of the models (Equation 1), with NrReEvG as the cell frequency, ?o as the intercept, and abbreviated indices and summation signs for categories in each dimension, is as follows:
Model 1 tests the significance of the influences of composition and educational pairing. A BIC value of less than 0 in Model 1 would indicate that the influences are statistically significant. This is because preliminary analyses showed that a simple model that includes only husbands’ race (? r ) and wives’ race (? R ) and their interaction term (? rR ), which excludes other measures from the model, yielded BIC values much greater than zero, which indicate a fit worse than the saturated model (with all multiway interaction effects). Model 2 tests the presence of gender asymmetry in the racial pairing patterns of the resettlement cohort. Intererican wives and White husbands might have become more common than intererican husbands and White wives after WWII. The War Bride Act could have legitimized the former type of intermarriage, and, in addition, had brought in intermarriages of Japanese war-brides and 
White veteran husbands from overseas. The ? rR terms of the two models, constrained differently with a design matrix to test for evidence of gender asymmetry, are presented in Appendix A (see Journal of ily online source). Each term in the cell represents a dummy variable. The cells with zeros are the omitted categories in the main effects of husbands’ and wives’ race. The off-diagonal cells of ? rR for non-White and non-White pairings are constrained to be equal to capture the effects of these rare intermarriages that are not the focus here. In the design matrix of Model 1, the dummy variable entries are symmetric around the diagonal cells of the table, which indicates gender symmetry. Model 2 includes two additional terms, namely ?11 for Japanese American wives and White husbands, and ?a dozen for Japanese wives and White husbands, to account for gender asymmetry in the odds of intermarriage.
In the third and final step, we used the better-fit model to estimate the adjusted odds ratios. If Model 2 had a BIC value lower than that of Model 1 for one of the two cohorts, Model 2 was used to estimate both cohorts’ adjusted odds ratios for comparability across cohorts. From the coefficients, we calculated odds ratios by taking the exponent of the coefficients of interest in the design matrix-in the case of Model 2, those terms are ?1, ?step three, ?cuatro, ?eight, ?8, ?11, and ?12 (see Harris & Ono, 2005). For Japanese and Whites, for example, the odds ratios of homogamy versus intermarriage calculated from Model 2 are as follows: [exp(?1)exp(?4)]/(exp(?8+ ?12)exp(?8)].
War-bride-to-be intermarriages was intermarriages by White seasoned husbands and you can Japanese wives regarding the resettlement cohort (n = step one,268, otherwise 84% of the White partner and Japanese girlfriend partners because cohort). That it exception to this rule will be dramatically raise the possibility proportion with the resettlement cohort of Japanese’s combining models that have Whites.
Results
Appendix B (see Log from ily online source) comes with the frequency tables, of which we determined the fresh unadjusted opportunity percentages off homogamy versus intermarriage to own partners consisting of Japanese or Japanese Us citizens and you will Whites regarding two relationship cohorts. Figures 1A and you can 1B inform you the new unadjusted chance ratios getting Whites and Japanese Us americans and you can Whites and Japanese, correspondingly, with the several cohorts. Perhaps the pairing is actually Japanese Us citizens having Whites or Japanese having Whites, whenever unadjusted, the new interest toward homogamy atically to your resettlement cohort compared to the compared to brand new prewar cohort. Specifically, to have pairings out of Japanese Us americans with Whites in the postwar resettlement cohort, the chances percentages y is 410,100 times probably be compared to the odds of intermarriage through to the combat and 67,one hundred thousand times likely to be after it. Getting pairings off Japanese that have Whites, the postwar proportion y is 170,100 moments more likely than intermarriage before war and dos,900 minutes likely to be after they.